The short version of Stenabolic fits in a sentence. The long version — which is the one that helps — is below.
This page was last updated on 2026-08-01 and is reviewed periodically as new material appears.
SR9009 is frequently discussed alongside other REV-ERB ligands, including synthetic agonists and natural heme-related molecules. Its selectivity for REV-ERB over related nuclear receptors has been measured in binding and reporter assays, though off-target activity at higher concentrations is possible. The compound is prohibited in sport by the World Anti-Doping Agency, and it is not approved for any medical use in major jurisdictions. Products sold online may be labeled as research chemicals, and their identity and purity are not guaranteed by regulatory review.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule that acts on the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ. These receptors are part of the circadian clock machinery and normally repress transcription of certain target genes. In laboratory research, SR9009 is used as a chemical tool to study how REV-ERB activity influences metabolism, inflammation, and daily biological rhythms. The compound is not an approved medicine, and its effects in humans remain largely uncharacterized. It is often described as an investigational agent rather than a therapeutic product.
At the molecular level, SR9009 binds REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ and alters their repressive activity on target genes. These nuclear receptors help regulate the circadian clock, lipid synthesis, glucose metabolism, and inflammatory pathways. By changing transcription, the compound can shift the timing or magnitude of downstream metabolic processes in model systems. It does not act through androgen receptors or adenosine receptors, which distinguishes it from several substances sold for athletic performance. Whether the same transcriptional changes occur in humans at tolerable exposures remains an open question because controlled human studies are lacking.
Preclinical reports describe effects on exercise endurance, mitochondrial content, and lipid profiles in rodents, but these findings come from specific experimental conditions. Many studies use high doses or delivery methods that may not translate directly to human use. SR9009 has been reported to have low oral bioavailability and a short half-life, which complicates interpretation of oral dosing studies. It is not established as safe or effective for any indication. Literature discussions often separate its pharmacological mechanism from unverified claims made in fitness and supplement markets.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Common name | SR9009 | Also marketed informally as Stenabolic |
| Chemical class | Synthetic REV-ERB agonist | Binds REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ |
| Molecular formula | C24H30ClN3O4S | Approximate molecular weight 492 g/mol |
| CAS Registry Number | 1379686-30-2 | Identifier for the parent compound |
| Regulatory status | Not approved for human use | Prohibited in sport by WADA |
In laboratory settings, SR9009 is typically characterized by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). These methods can confirm identity and estimate purity, but they require reference standards for accurate quantification. Because SR9009 is not a licensed pharmaceutical, no harmonized pharmacopeial monograph exists. Laboratories often validate in-house methods for matrices such as plasma, urine, or cell culture media. Sample preparation may involve protein precipitation or liquid-liquid extraction before analysis.
Physicochemical behavior influences handling. SR9009 is described as a solid with limited aqueous solubility, so organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide or ethanol are common in research stock solutions. Aqueous dilution can produce precipitates if the organic content is too low. Light, heat, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles may affect stability. Storage recommendations usually specify a desiccated freezer environment protected from light, but exact stability data depend on the formulation and matrix.
==== Gel spinning ==== Gel spinning produces fibers with exceptional strength or other unique qualities. During extrusion, the polymer is not in a pure liquid condition. The polymer chains are linked at different locations in liquid crystal form, partially apart as they would be in a real solution. The resultant filaments have substantial inter-chain forces, which can significantly raise the fiber's tensile strength additionally, the shear forces the liquid crystals to be arranged along the fiber axis during extrusion. Strength is further enhanced by the filaments' exceptionally high degree of alignment as they emerge from one another. Due to the filaments' first air-to-cool cooling phase, the method is known as dry-wet spinning.
A potential transition from one state to another (i → j) using a transition probability function qi,j Movement of the chain to state j with probability αi,j and remains in i with probability 1 – αi,j.
KPV tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) is a tripeptide derivative that is derived from the C-terminal fragment of alpha-MSH. It has antiinflammatory effects, and is used in skincare products, as well as having been researched for other potential medical applications.
=== ESI variations === There are some ESI methods that require little to no sample preparation. One such method is a method termed extractive electrospray ionization (EESI). This method involves having an electrospray of solvent directed at an angle against a different spray of the sample solution, produced by a separate nebulizer. This method requires no sample preparation in that the electrospray of solvent extracts the sample from the complex mixture, effectively removing any background contaminants. Another particularly powerful variation on ESI is desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), which involves directing an electrospray at a surface with the sample deposited on top of it. The sample is ionized in the electrospray as it splashes off the surface, then traveling to the mass spectrometer. This method is important because no sample preparation is needed for this method. A sample simply needs to be deposited on a surface, such as paper. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) is similar to ESI in that the sample is nebulized in droplets that are then evaporated, leaving behind a charged ion to be analyzed. APCI experiences few of the negative matrix effects experienced by ESI due to the fact that ionization occurs in the gas phase in this method rather than the within the liquid droplets as in ESI and the fact that in APCI there is an overabundance of reaction gas, thus minimizing the effect of the matrix on the ionization process.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
== Laboratory methods == A number of laboratory methods have been developed for cell-free fetal DNA screening for genetic defects have been developed. The main ones are (1) massively parallel shotgun sequencing (MPSS), (2) targeted massive parallel sequencing (t-MPS) and (3) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based approach. A maternal peripheral blood sample is taken by venesection at about ten weeks gestation.
== Structure–activity relationship == Valsartan has the structure that most ARBs have with the extended biphenyl group and tetrazole which mimics the carboxylate group as a bioisostere but is not held to the same metabolic inactivation. One special note about the molecule in terms of how it differs with other angiotensin receptor blockers, is that the molecule at the 2-prime position has a tetrazole, which has an acidic hydrogen attached to it.
27 August – A large fire destroys Clune Park Primary School in Port Glasgow. 28 August – The Scottish COVID-19 Inquiry, chaired by Lord Brailsford, formally gets under way with preliminary hearings at Edinburgh's Murrayfield Stadium. BBC Scotland reports that the number of adults in Scotland receiving prescriptions for Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has increased sevenfold over the last decade. 29 August – Data released by National Records of Scotland indicate there were 1,276 alcohol-related deaths in Scotland during 2022, a rise on the previous year, with figures at a 14-year high. 31 August – The first case of a new COVID-19 variant, BA.2.86, is detected in Scotland.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
== Structure == Microproteins generally feature a single protein domain. The active form is translated from smORF. smORFs can be less than 100 codons. However, not all microproteins are small, and the name was given because of the analogy to miRNAs. Despite their short length, microproteins have been shown to a limited but diverse set of structural folds (including predominantly α-helical and transmembrane-helical structures), but many candidates also show substantial intrinsic disorder; experimentally determined microprotein structures have been solved using approaches including X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, and NMR. A computational survey of predicted structures for 44 microproteins reported broadly similar structural characteristics across the set and comparatively few predicted small-molecule ligand-binding sites. Because many structure/disorder predictors are trained primarily on longer “classical” proteins, dedicated workflows and precautions have been proposed for reliable structure and disorder prediction for microproteins.
==== Armenia ==== According to a 2020 report, there are 32 think tanks or similar institutions in Armenia. The government closed the Noravank Foundation, a government-affiliated think tank, in 2018 after almost two decades of operation. However, other think tanks continue to operate, include the Caucasus Institute, the Caucasus Research Resource Center-Armenia (CRRC-Armenia) (which publishes the "Caucasus Barometer" annual public opinion survey of the South Caucasus, the "Enlight" Public Research Center, and the AMBERD research center at the Armenian State University of Economics.
Edwards Ltd is a British multinational vacuum pump and exhaust gas management systems manufacturer. Its headquarters are in Burgess Hill, UK, and has been part of the Atlas Copco Group since 2014. Edwards holds 1,700 patents, including for dry (oil-free) vacuum pumps, and produces equipment used for manufacturing semiconductors, scientific research, freeze drying and other industries. Its pumps remove contaminants at CERN's Large Hadron Collider. Manufacturing is predominantly handled by subsidiary businesses in the Czech Republic, South Korea, USA and China. Edwards' global research and development facilities remain in the UK. Major customers in 2012 included Samsung, Hynix, Agilent and LG.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
SR9009 is a synthetic research compound that binds and modulates the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ. It is used in laboratory studies of circadian biology and metabolism, not as an approved medicine. It is also known by the informal name Stenabolic.
No. SR9009 has not been approved as a therapeutic drug in the United States, European Union, or other major markets. Human safety and efficacy data are very limited. Its presence in consumer products does not imply regulatory approval.
The World Anti-Doping Agency lists SR9009 as a prohibited substance because it can alter gene expression and metabolic pathways relevant to performance. The ban applies at all times, not only during competition. Detection relies on laboratory methods such as mass spectrometry.
SR9009 is a synthetic REV-ERB agonist used in laboratory research. It is not an approved drug, and its effects in humans are not well characterized. It is often sold as a research chemical under the name Stenabolic.