This is a working overview of SR9009, written for readers who want more than a one-paragraph summary but less than a textbook.
This page was last updated on 2025-09-18 and is reviewed periodically as new material appears.
SR9009 is frequently discussed in fitness and research-chemical contexts, yet it has no approved medical indication. Regulatory agencies have not authorized it for human use, and it is not a standard prescription drug. Some sports organizations list it as a prohibited substance because of its potential performance-enhancing properties. Published human data are sparse, so claims about its effects in people often rely on animal models or anecdotal reports. Quality and identity of online materials can vary widely.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule studied as a REV-ERB agonist. REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ are nuclear receptors that help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene expression. The compound was identified in academic screening efforts to find synthetic ligands for these receptors. In cell and animal studies, SR9009 alters transcription of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism, and it can shift circadian behavior. It is not an approved therapeutic agent.
Physicochemical behavior influences handling. SR9009 is described as a solid with limited aqueous solubility, so organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide or ethanol are common in research stock solutions. Aqueous dilution can produce precipitates if the organic content is too low. Light, heat, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles may affect stability. Storage recommendations usually specify a desiccated freezer environment protected from light, but exact stability data depend on the formulation and matrix.
Detection in biological samples can be complicated by rapid metabolism and low circulating concentrations. Some studies report phase I and phase II metabolites, and analytical methods may need to target those species in addition to the parent compound. Immunoassays are not broadly available, so mass spectrometry remains the main confirmatory approach. For anti-doping testing, laboratories look for SR9009 and its metabolites using validated LC-MS methods. Open questions include how long metabolites remain detectable and how different routes of administration alter detection windows.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical class | Synthetic REV-ERB agonist | Small-molecule ligand; not a hormone or peptide |
| Molecular formula | C20H24ClN3O4S | Reported for the free base |
| CAS Registry Number | 1379686-30-2 | Unique chemical identifier |
| Common synonyms | SR9009; stenabolic | Stenabolic is informal and not an official name |
| Reported targets | REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ | Nuclear receptors linked to circadian and metabolic regulation |
Laboratory studies often administer SR9009 by injection because oral absorption appears poor in rodents. Reported pharmacokinetic properties include rapid metabolism and low systemic exposure after oral dosing. Human pharmacokinetic data are sparse, so absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in people are not well defined. Some research explores related REV-ERB compounds with improved drug-like properties. Regulatory approval for any REV-ERB agonist as a human medicine has not been granted to date.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule studied as an agonist of the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ, also called NR1D1 and NR1D2. These receptors help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene programs. The compound was developed for laboratory research, not as an approved therapeutic. Its identity is distinct from steroid hormones and selective androgen receptor modulators. Scientific interest centers on how REV-ERB activation changes gene expression in cells and animal models.
Regulatory agencies have not approved SR9009 for human therapeutic use. It is typically sold as a research chemical with labels stating that it is not for human consumption. The World Anti-Doping Agency prohibits the substance in sport, generally under the category of non-approved substances. Customs and national laws may restrict importation, sale, or possession. Product quality and legal status can vary by country and vendor, and therapeutic claims are not permitted in regulated advertising because the compound lacks approval.
Several misconceptions surround SR9009. It is often described as a SARM, a steroid, or an exercise pill, but its known target is the REV-ERB receptor family. Rodent studies have examined exercise capacity and metabolic markers, yet human outcomes remain unproven. Oral bioavailability appears low in animals, and human pharmacokinetics are not well characterized. Online products may contain impurities or different compounds, so identity and purity testing are important for research use.
Pharmacokinetic data for SR9009 are limited in published literature. Some reports indicate low oral bioavailability and rapid clearance in animals, which complicates interpretation of exposure and effect. Researchers often use injected routes in preclinical work to achieve measurable systemic levels. Analytical studies rely on mass spectrometry to detect the parent compound and its metabolites. Questions about tissue distribution, active metabolites, and long-term consequences remain open. Species differences in metabolism can affect observed half-life and target engagement.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule studied as an agonist of the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ. These receptors help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene expression. In laboratory experiments, SR9009 binds these receptors and alters transcription of genes involved in lipid handling, glucose metabolism, and mitochondrial function. It is not a naturally occurring compound and has no approved therapeutic use. Research interest stems from its ability to modify energy metabolism in cells and animal models.
Detection of SR9009 in biological samples usually employs liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. This method can identify the parent compound and sometimes metabolites in urine or blood. Because exposure can be low and clearance may be rapid, sample timing and limits of detection matter. Laboratories validate assays for sensitivity and specificity. Results are interpreted alongside chain-of-custody and quality-control records. Urine is the common matrix for anti-doping analysis, while blood may be used in research settings.
Handling recommendations for SR9009 in a laboratory setting include storing the solid at low temperature, protected from light and moisture. The compound is often dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide or ethanol for experiments. Solutions should be prepared with appropriate personal protective equipment and disposed of according to local rules. Stability data for long-term storage are limited, so stock solutions are typically kept cold and used within defined periods. Records of preparation date and concentration support reproducibility.
Subsequently, the Australian government banned pharmacy compounding of GLP-1 medicines, requiring all providers to transition their patients to approved commercial products. In November 2024, Australian regulators and medical experts examined whether advertising by Juniper could indirectly promote prescription-only medicines in breach of the TGA rules. It referred to the use of "medical weight-loss programs" without naming specific drugs, in their advertising. Clinicians and eating-disorder advocates called for stricter oversight of direct-to-consumer marketing in the sector. In 2025, Juniper was among providers whose promotional activity was flagged, including the use of Black Friday sales campaigns and social media engagement. Professional commentary raised concerns about the potential misuse of GLP-1 medications among patients with eating-disorder vulnerabilities. The Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) confirmed that it had taken disciplinary action against individual healthcare practitioners for inappropriate prescribing of GLP-1 receptor agonists to patients, including the issuance of cautions and conditions on registration. During the same period, the TGA requested the removal of more than 3,000 online advertisements for weight-loss medicines, issuing infringement notices for unlawful advertising in September 2025, and releasing updated social-media advertising guidance in November 2025.
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Gorky Park (officially the Central Park of Culture and Rest), named after writer Maxim Gorky, was founded in 1928. The main area (689,000 square meters or 170 acres) along the Moskva River contains estrades (raised platforms), children's attractions—including the Observation Wheel, as well as ponds with boats and water bicycles—dancing, tennis courts, and other sports facilities. Gorky Park borders the Neskuchny Garden (408,000 square meters or 101 acres), the oldest park in Moscow and a former imperial residence, created as a result of integrating three estates during the 18th century. The garden features the Green Theater, one of the largest open amphitheaters in Europe, able to contain up to 15 thousand people. Several parks include a section known as a "Park of Culture and Rest", sometimes alongside a wilder area. (Such parks include Izmaylovsky, Fili, and Sokolniki.) Some parks are designated Forest Parks (lesopark).
=== Nomenclature === Often amide refers to carboxamide, and often amide refers to the anions R2N- and their derivatives. Tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium (Ti(N(CH3)2)4) illustrates the ambiguity of the terminology.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
=== Anti-inflammatory properties === Adenosine is believed to be an anti-inflammatory agent at the A2A receptor. Topical treatment of adenosine to foot wounds in diabetes mellitus has been shown in lab animals to drastically increase tissue repair and reconstruction. Topical administration of adenosine for use in wound-healing deficiencies and diabetes mellitus in humans is currently under clinical investigation. Methotrexate's anti-inflammatory effect may be due to its stimulation of adenosine release.
=== Condensation from plasma === Nanoparticles of pure metals, oxides, carbides, and nitrides, can be created by vaporizing a solid precursor with a thermal plasma and then condensing the vapor by expansion or quenching in a suitable gas or liquid. The plasma can be produced by dc jet, electric arc, or radio frequency (RF) induction. The thermal plasma can reach temperatures of 10.000 K and can thus also synthesize nanopowders with very high boiling points. Metal wires can be vaporized by the exploding wire method. In RF induction plasma torches, energy coupling to the plasma is accomplished through the electromagnetic field generated by the induction coil. The plasma gas does not come in contact with electrodes, thus eliminating possible sources of contamination and allowing the operation of such plasma torches with a wide range of gases including inert, reducing, oxidizing, and other corrosive atmospheres. The working frequency is typically between 200 kHz and 40 MHz. Laboratory units run at power levels in the order of 30–50 kW, whereas the large-scale industrial units have been tested at power levels up to 1 MW. As the residence time of the injected feed droplets in the plasma is very short, it is important that the droplet sizes are small enough in order to obtain complete evaporation.
The electrophoretic linear (horizontal) separation of proteins by Ip along a pH gradient in a polyacrylamide gel (also known as isoelectric focusing), followed by a standard molecular weight linear (vertical) separation in a second polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE), constitutes the so called two-dimensional gel electrophoresis or PAGE 2D. This technique allows a thorough separation of proteins as distinct "spots", with proteins of high molecular weight and low Ip migrating to the upper-left part of the bidimensional gel, while proteins with low molecular weight and high Ip locate to the bottom-right region of the same gel.
Raoult's law A law of thermodynamics which states that the partial pressure of each gaseous component of an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component multiplied by its molar fraction in the mixture.
The U.S. Census Bureau reported 331,449,281 residents on April 1, 2020, making the United States the third-most-populous country in the world, after India and China. The Census Bureau's official 2025 population estimate was 341,784,857, an increase of 3.1% since the 2020 census. According to the Bureau's U.S. Population Clock, on July 1, 2024, the U.S. population had a net gain of one person every 16 seconds, or about 5400 people per day. In 2023, 51% of Americans age 15 and over were married, 6% were widowed, 10% were divorced, and 34% had never been married. In 2023, the total fertility rate for the U.S. stood at 1.6 children per woman, and, at 23%, it had the world's highest rate of children living in single-parent households in 2019. Most Americans live in the suburbs of major metropolitan areas. The United States has a diverse population; 37 ancestry groups have more than one million members. White Americans with ancestry from Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa form the largest racial and ethnic group at 57.8% of the United States population. Hispanic and Latino Americans form the second-largest group and are 18.7% of the United States population. African Americans constitute the country's third-largest ancestry group and are 12.1% of the total U.S. population. Asian Americans are the country's fourth-largest group, composing 5.9% of the United States population. The country's 3.7 million Native Americans account for about 1%, and some 574 native tribes are recognized by the federal government.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
MassMatrix is a mass spectrometry data analysis software that uses a statistical model to achieve increased mass accuracy over other database search algorithms. This search engine is set apart from others dues to its ability to provide extremely efficient judgement between true and false positives for high mass accuracy data that has been obtained from present day mass spectrometer instruments. It is useful for identifying disulphide bonds in tandem mass spectrometry data. This search engine is set apart from others due to its ability to provide extremely efficient judgement between true and false positives for high mass accuracy data that has been obtained from present day mass spectrometer instruments.
is most useful in predicting future trends, for example, if we know the social interactions have reduced 50% frequently from that before the outbreak and the interaction intensities among people are the same, then we can set
6 September: The Tāmaki Makaurau by-election is won by Te Pāti Māori candidate Oriini Kaipara. The Sealord Group proposes closing its coated fish factory in Nelson, potentially affecting 79 jobs. 7 September – During the New Zealand First party's annual conference held at Palmerston North, party leader Winston Peters campaigns on increasing compulsory KiwiSaver contributions to ten percent and requiring migrants to sign a values statement. Pro-greyhound racing and Palestinian solidarity protesters picket the event. 8 September: Fugitive father Tom Phillips is shot dead during a confrontation with Police in Piopio, Waikato. Police take one of his children into custody and launch a search for the remaining two unaccompanied minors. By evening, police find the two remaining children safe at a remote campsite. ANZ Bank New Zealand agrees to pay a record fine of NZ$3.25 million to the New Zealand Government after admitting it had breached fair dealing laws twice between 2012 and 2023. The murder trial of Korean mother Hakyung Yee commences, who is facing murder charges for the deaths of her two children. The primary school teachers' union, the New Zealand Educational Institute, rejects the Government's latest pay offer and commences voting on strike action. 9 September – Voting commences in the 2025 local elections. 10 September – The Court of Appeal of New Zealand declines to quash Scott Watson's convictions for the murders of Ben Smart and Olivia Hope, concluding that there had been no "miscarriage of justice" in relation to the prosecution's hair evidence and Mr.
== M == Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) A non-invasive imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to visualize detailed structures of the brain and other tissues. Malleus One of the three auditory ossicles in the middle ear. It transmits sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus. Mammillary bodies Small round structures located in the hypothalamus involved in memory processing. Often damaged in Korsakoff syndrome. MAPK/ERK pathway A cellular signaling cascade involved in growth, differentiation, and survival. It plays roles in synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration. Medial geniculate nucleus A relay center in the thalamus for auditory information, sending signals from the inner ear to the auditory cortex. Medial longitudinal fasciculus A bundle of nerve fibers in the brainstem involved in coordinating eye movements and head motion, especially during the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Medulla oblongata The lower part of the brainstem, responsible for autonomic functions such as respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure. Melatonin A hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates circadian rhythms and the sleep–wake cycle. Secretion is influenced by light exposure. Memory The mental capacity to encode, store, and retrieve information. Subtypes include working memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Meninges The three protective membranes—dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater—that surround the brain and spinal cord. Merkel cell A mechanoreceptor found in the skin involved in the sense of touch, particularly pressure and texture.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
SR9009 is a synthetic compound investigated as an agonist of the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ. It is used in preclinical research on circadian rhythm and metabolism. It is not an approved drug.
No. It has no approved medical indication, and human safety and efficacy data are limited. It appears in research chemical markets and is banned by some sports authorities.
Natural ligands include heme and certain metabolites; SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule with higher potency and selectivity in some assays. Its effects depend on cell type and timing. It is not a naturally occurring compound.
It is usually detected by LC-MS or HPLC-UV against a reference standard. In biological matrices, metabolite targeting can improve detection. No universal immunoassay is widely available.